Evolution 에볼루션 is a theory about how life came into being. The theory suggests that species are evolving toward a common purpose – survival of the fittest – and that this evolution is “hereditary” rather than “genetic.” In other words, if two people can share all of the same DNA, then they are both evolutionarily similar. To put it more simply, when an animal is born, it inherits some traits (such as its hands and feet) from its mother and some traits from its father.
Evolution is also about change in the genetic traits of reproductive populations over successive generations. These traits are the adaptations of genes passed on by parent to child during reproduction. Gene swapping occurs when two sperm cells from an opposed gender fertilize and divide into two different cells. Sometimes both sperm cells survive and this leads to the creation of a new species, such as the European flat or the Asian carp.
Natural selection is a theory concerning sudden fluctuations in species’ numbers or levels of variation in traits. Over thousands of years natural selection has caused populations of plants, animals and even humans to vary significantly from one another. This results in many changes in a species’ reproductive profile: increased or decreased size, emergence of new features (like the peacock’s tail), adaptation to cold environments (swimming) or to a higher state of evolution (in the case of bacteria, viruses or fungi). These changes occur through a process called gene sweeps or gene flow. The process is only possible with neutrality of selection, where there is no balancing between deleterious and beneficial mutations.
Sexual reproduction, or the process of reproduction, is the basis for all living organisms. It is the basis for the survival and reproduction of an organism in nature. Sexual reproduction can be directed or controlled by natural selection or evolution. Sexual reproduction may be self-propulsion, through a sexual motive, or it may be facilitated by the environment, with selection favoring either the survival of the fittest or the generation of the most favored members of a population.
The major premise of evolution is that every species that exists on Earth, is considered to have evolved from a common ancestor. The hypothesis of evolution is highly controversial among scientists, as it is viewed by some as a theory in conflict with common sense and with the results of molecular biology. Some argue that because all species are thought to have descended from a common ancestor, this premise is not relevant when it comes to resolving whether or not all forms of life are equally developed. On the other hand, proponents of evolution maintain that life is diversified, and the evidence supports the claim that all organisms are highly similar.
Molecular evolutionists divide the different species of organisms into two main categories: fungi and plants. They believe that fungi are a special class of eukaryotic organisms that are highly simplified. They say that every eukaryotic cell is composed of a nucleus, a proenzyme, and an exon that are carried by a chromosome. Evidence that supports this theory is that each eukaryotic cell has only a few genes in its nucleus and only a few proenzyme genes. These genes, according to these evolutionists, enable the organism to grow and reproduce itself by dividing into daughter cells.